Egyptian architecture

Akhet (horizon) in hieroglyphs

In ancient Egyptian theology, the pylon mirrored the hieroglyph for 'horizon' or akhet, which was a depiction of two hills "between which the sun rose and set."^[3] Consequently, it played a critical role in the symbolic architecture of a cult building which was associated with the place of recreation and rebirth. Pylons were often decorated with scenes emphasizing a king's authority since it was the public face of a cult building.^[4] On the first pylon of the temple of Isis at Philae, the pharaohis shown slaying his enemies while Isis, Horus and Hathor look on. Other examples of pylons can be seen in Luxor and Edfu.

Rituals to the god Amun who became identified with the sun god Ra were often carried out on the top of temple pylons. In addition to standard vertical grooves on the exterior face of a pylon wall which was designed to hold flag poles, some pylons also contained internal stairways and rooms.^[5] The oldest intact pylons belong to mortuary temples from the 13th and 12th century BC Ramessside period.^[6] A pair of obelisksusually stood in front of a pylon.